Which validity refers to the extent to which a test predicts results of other measures?

• A. Content validity
• B. Face validity
• C. Construct validity
• D. Criterion validity

Answer: (D)

Validity in testing focuses on how well a test measures what it intends and how useful its results are for making inferences. Criterion validity looks at how well test scores relate to external criteria or outcomes. When the emphasis is on a test predicting future performance or results on other measures, that’s known as predictive validity, a form of criterion validity. In other words, the test is being evaluated by its ability to forecast outcomes on related measures. The other validity types focus on different aspects: content validity checks domain coverage, face validity is about appearance of validity to test-takers, and construct validity concerns whether the test truly taps the theoretical trait it’s meant to measure, not its predictive power for other criteria.